Qatar National Bank QPSC

Internal procedures defined for selection and evaluation are considered appropriately documented and transparent. Responsibilities and accountabilities are defined, and duties are segregated. Besides, the Bank has put in place a process to identify and mitigate social and/or environmental risks. QNB's Green, Social, and Sustainability Bond Committee (GSSBC) reviews the Bank's sustainable products/transactions to ensure continued compliance with the respective criteria defined in QNB's Framework. GSSBC's reviews take place on a quarterly basis and ad-hoc as required. If any non-compliance is not addressed, the transaction would no longer be eligible nor labelled as Sustainable (including green and/or social) or Transition finance. QNB commits to reporting on an annual basis on labeled sustainable transactions and is made publicly available through QNB's Sustainability Report. As data availability in terms of impact reporting improves, further developing tracking of the expected and/or achieved impact of the Banks' sustainable financing activities on environmental and social objectives is encouraged. QNB has sought an external review of the Sustainable Finance and Product Framework at its launch, in line with market practices. The publication of the Framework and associated external review on the Bank's website is positively noted. [...] Eligible Sustainable and Transition finance products and/or transactions as defined by this classification system will be reviewed and validated by QNB's Green, Social and Sustainability Bond Committee (GSSBC). Further breakdown of the GSSBC's constituent departments and their responsibilities are shown below:  Group Corporate and Institutional Banking (GCIB): Identifies and sources new eligible facilities that qualify for inclusion in the portfolio against the lending requirements for facilities. In addition, GCIB also collects data on eligible GSSB facilities and assists in the preparation of any external reporting requirements.  Group Financial Control (GFCD) Validates and reconciles the pipeline of eligible facilities and determines the carrying value of QNB's portfolio on an ongoing basis. GFCD also assists in the preparation of any external reporting and management of external auditors.  Group Credit (GCR) Acts as a second line of defence and validates submitted data of eligible facilities that qualify for inclusion in QNB's portfolio. GCR also ensures that eligible facilities are tagged in the Bank's system of record to avoid double utilization.  Group Risk/ Strategic Risk Management (SRM) Monitors, tracks and reports on the pipeline of eligible facilities that qualify for inclusion in QNB's portfolio. SRM also develops dashboards and early warning mechanisms (EWS) in order to update the GSSBC on the status of the portfolio, and assists in the preparation of any external reporting requirements.  Group Treasury (TRS) Identifies investor appetite for new issuances, manages the investor community for the preparation and issuance of GSS bonds and acts as the lead arranger and book runner for the issuance of green and/or social bonds for QNB Group.  Group Strategy/ Sustainability (STR) Creates awareness, guides the origination team on sustainable lending criteria and ensures pipeline generation meets "ex ante" the green, social and sustainable lending eligibility criteria. STR also owns the GSSBF and updates it accordingly if and when required based on evolving market practices and standards. In addition, STR identifies, sources and manages third party providers involved in topics related to the GSSBF, assists in the preparation of reporting requirements, and addresses GSSB related investor relations requests as and when required.  Group Compliance (COM) Provide inputs on compliance with regulative and governance obligations and for alignment with QNB's governance framework. [...] QNB applies risk management measures in its capital allocation decisions, supported by a company-wide planning, reporting and controlling system. During the life of the product or tenor of the transaction, QNB's Green, Social and Sustainability Bond Committee (GSSBC) will review all products/transactions (including facilitation and investments) to ensure continued compliance with the respective criteria defined in QNB's Framework. This review will take place on a quarterly basis, and ad-hoc as required. If any non-compliance is not addressed and resolved, the transaction would no longer be eligible as nor labelled as Sustainable (including green and/or social) or Transition finance. The GSSBC also undertakes an annual review of the Green, Social and Sustainability Bond Framework. The GSSBC is formed by members of Treasury, Corporate and Institutional Banking, Credit, Risk, Financial Control and Sustainability teams.

The QNB Group sustainability programme, which consists of the Group wide sustainability strategy and roadmap, is approved by the Board. The QNB Group Strategy Committee (GSC) is the owner of this policy and is responsible for managing all matters relating to the Group's sustainability programme, i.e., reviewing the strategic framework and agenda, deciding on priority initiatives for implementation with accountable working groups, monitoring performance, and assessing ESG-related risks and opportunities, including climate-related issues. The GSC reports key risks and opportunities to the Board of Directors via the Group Board Nomination, Remuneration, Governance and Policies Committee (GBNRGPC). As a minimum, the Board of Directors receives an annual update on the overall execution of the Group's sustainability strategy as well as achievements of our sustainability efforts. A designated Group Sustainability team within Group Strategy acts as an advisory body to the GSC and senior management on all sustainability-related matters. The Group Sustainability team engages with external stakeholders and drives all ESG-related reporting, disclosures, and interactions with the relevant bodies, institutions, investors, and partners. The team is at the core of QNB Group's various ESG initiatives, acting as a central focus point for ESG-related projects in collaboration with concerned departments. Group Sustainability team is also responsible for setting up ESG-related goals and targets (KPIs) for relevant divisions across QNB Qatar, as well as monitoring their progress on implementation. [...] The Group Board governs climate risk strategy and climate risk management. Group Board Risk Committee is appointed to oversee climate-related activities, initiatives, performance and achievements of the management. Group Strategic Risk Management is primarily responsible for assessing the materiality of commercial climate risks, quantifying risk impacts, conducting scenario analyses and stress tests, and quantifying financed scope 3 emissions. Group Sustainability team's key climate-related responsibilities are proposing QNB's climate risk targets as informed by output/ insight from Group Strategic Risk Management portfolio analysis and Group Risk Appetite, collating data from respective divisions to calculate scope 1 (direct), 2 (indirect/ purchased) and operational 3 (e.g., waste and business travel) GHG emissions, identifying climate risks and opportunities that can impact the reputation of the Bank, promoting the climate-related agenda within the Bank, and developing climate risk disclosures. Respective responsible QNB divisions are accountable for delivering specific initiatives to reduce Group's direct environmental impact and carbon footprint.

Internal procedures defined for selection and evaluation are considered appropriately documented and transparent. Responsibilities and accountabilities are defined, and duties are segregated. Besides, the Bank has put in place a process to identify and mitigate social and/or environmental risks. QNB's Green, Social, and Sustainability Bond Committee (GSSBC) reviews the Bank's sustainable products/transactions to ensure continued compliance with the respective criteria defined in QNB's Framework. GSSBC's reviews take place on a quarterly basis and ad-hoc as required. If any non-compliance is not addressed, the transaction would no longer be eligible nor labelled as Sustainable (including green and/ or social) or Transition finance. QNB commits to reporting on an annual basis on labeled sustainable transactions and is made publicly available through QNB's Sustainability Report. As data availability in terms of impact reporting improves, further developing tracking of the expected and/or achieved impact of the Banks' sustainable financing activities on environmental and social objectives is encouraged. QNB has sought an external review of the Sustainable Finance and Product Framework at its launch, in line with market practices. The publication of the Framework and associated external review on the Bank's website is positively noted. [...] Eligible Sustainable and Transition finance products and/or transactions as defined by this classification system will be reviewed and validated by QNB's Green, Social and Sustainability Bond Committee (GSSBC). Further breakdown of the GSSBC's constituent departments and their responsibilities are shown below:  Group Corporate and Institutional Banking (GCIB): Identifies and sources new eligible facilities that qualify for inclusion in the portfolio against the lending requirements for facilities. In addition, GCIB also collects data on eligible GSSB facilities and assists in the preparation of any external reporting requirements.  Group Financial Control (GFCD) Validates and reconciles the pipeline of eligible facilities and determines the carrying value of QNB's portfolio on an ongoing basis. GFCD also assists in the preparation of any external reporting and management of external auditors.  Group Credit (GCR) Acts as a second line of defence and validates submitted data of eligible facilities that qualify for inclusion in QNB's portfolio. GCR also ensures that eligible facilities are tagged in the Bank's system of record to avoid double utilization.  Group Risk/ Strategic Risk Management (SRM) Monitors, tracks and reports on the pipeline of eligible facilities that qualify for inclusion in QNB's portfolio. SRM also develops dashboards and early warning mechanisms (EWS) in order to update the GSSBC on the status of the portfolio, and assists in the preparation of any external reporting requirements.  Group Treasury (TRS) Identifies investor appetite for new issuances, manages the investor community for the preparation and issuance of GSS bonds and acts as the lead arranger and book runner for the issuance of green and/ or social bonds for QNB Group.  Group Strategy/ Sustainability (STR) Creates awareness, guides the origination team on sustainable lending criteria and ensures pipeline generation meets "ex ante" the green, social and sustainable lending eligibility criteria. STR also owns the GSSBF and updates it accordingly if and when required based on evolving market practices and standards. In addition, STR identifies, sources and manages third party providers involved in topics related to the GSSBF, assists in the preparation of reporting requirements, and addresses GSSB related investor relations requests as and when required.  Group Compliance (COM) Provide inputs on compliance with regulative and governance obligations and for alignment with QNB's governance framework. [...] QNB applies risk management measures in its capital allocation decisions, supported by a company-wide planning, reporting and controlling system. During the life of the product or tenor of the transaction, QNB's Green, Social and Sustainability Bond Committee (GSSBC) will review all products/transactions (including facilitation and investments) to ensure continued compliance with the respective criteria defined in QNB's Framework. This review will take place on a quarterly basis, and ad-hoc as required. If any non-compliance is not addressed and resolved, the transaction would no longer be eligible as nor labelled as Sustainable (including green and/ or social) or Transition finance. The GSSBC also undertakes an annual review of the Green, Social and Sustainability Bond Framework. The GSSBC is formed by members of Treasury, Corporate and Institutional Banking, Credit, Risk, Financial Control and Sustainability teams. [...] QNB commits to conducting annual allocation and impact reporting. QNB will align the reporting with the portfolio approach described in the ICMA Harmonized Framework for Impact Reporting. The reporting is based on the eligible transactions (including but not limited to green and social loan portfolio, investments and facilitations) and numbers will be aggregated for all GSSB outstanding. QNB will report to investors within one year from the date of a transaction and annually thereafter, until the proceeds have been fully allocated. All reporting will be publicly available on QNB's website.

The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) maintains and manages the relationship with the external auditor, oversees the Group's annual financial statement audit and internal controls over financial reporting, and oversees the bank's risk management and compliance programmes. [...] The Group Board Nomination, Remuneration, Governance and Policies Committee (GBNRGPC) plays a leadership role in shaping the corporate governance practices of the Group, strives to build an engaged and diverse Board whose composition is appropriate in light of the Bank's needs and strategy, and actively conducts succession planning for the Board; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee approve the annual compliance plans, which are executed in accordance with the Group Compliance Charter and its policies and procedures. Group Compliance submits periodic reports to the Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee and the GCEO concerning compliance issues, irregularities, and the corrective actions hence implemented. [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) is composed of three Board members, the majority are independent members. The Chairman of the Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee must be a financial expert and the other Board members must have a financial reporting background and knowledge. Members of the GBACC cannot be a member of any other Board committee, and the Chairman of the GBACC cannot be a member of any other Board committee. [...] The Committee has following responsibilities pertaining to Compliance: - Appoint/remove the Group Chief Compliance Officer; - Review and approve the charter, plans, activities, staffing and organisational structure of Group Compliance Division; - Ensure the efficiency of the compliance function in detecting the deviations and breaches within The Group, and ensure the non-existence of any factors that would impact its independence and objectivity as well as proper reporting of the compliance function with appropriate consideration to Basel Committee requirements and FATF (Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering) recommendations; - Review the effectiveness of the system for monitoring compliance with laws and regulations and the results of investigation and follow-up (including disciplinary action) of any instances of non-compliance within the Group; - Review the findings of any inspection by QCB and any other regulatory body and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence; - Review the communication and enforcement of the Code of Conduct to Group personnel and monitoring compliance therewith; - Ensure there is an effective framework in place across the Group for managing and monitoring financial crime compliance related risks, in line with regulatory requirements and international leading practices; - Ensure there is an effective mechanism for control, monitoring and reporting on the anti-money laundering and combating terrorism financing as well as international sanctions programmes and related issues; - Ensure oversight on appropriateness and effectiveness of the 'Internal Controls over Financial Reporting' (ICOFR) framework implemented in the Bank, in pursuit of its objectives; - Review the Group policies and framework pertaining to data protection and make sure a proper oversight is in place to protect QNB data from leakage or inappropriate or unauthorised use; - Review the effectiveness of the Whistleblowing Policy and recommend related actions/amendments to the BOD; - Review and approve the annual corporate governance report, prepared by Group Compliance in accordance with regulatory requirements; and - On a regular basis, review the results of the compliance reviews and meet separately with the Group Chief Compliance Officer to discuss any matters that the Committee or Group Compliance believes they should be discussed privately and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence.

The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) maintains and manages the relationship with the external auditor, oversees the Group's annual financial statement audit and internal controls over financial reporting, and oversees the bank's risk management and compliance programmes. [...] The Group Board Nomination, Remuneration, Governance and Policies Committee (GBNRGPC) plays a leadership role in shaping the corporate governance practices of the Group, strives to build an engaged and diverse Board whose composition is appropriate in light of the Bank's needs and strategy, and actively conducts succession planning for the Board; [...] The Board and Management engage with the shareholders on issues and concerns that are of widespread interest to them and that affect the Group's long-term value creation. [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) approve the annual corporate governance report, prepared by Group Compliance in accordance with regulatory requirements; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) is composed of three Board members, the majority are independent members. [...] The Committee has the following responsibilities pertaining to Compliance: - appoint/remove the Group Chief Compliance Officer; - review and approve the charter, plans, activities, staffing and organisational structure of Group Compliance Division; - ensure the efficiency of the compliance function in detecting the deviations and breaches within the Group, and ensure the non-existence of any factors that would impact its independence and objectivity as well as proper reporting of the compliance function with appropriate consideration to Basel Committee requirements and FATF (Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering) recommendations; - review the effectiveness of the system for monitoring compliance with laws and regulations and the results of investigation and follow-up (including disciplinary action) of any instances of non-compliance within the Group; - review the findings of any inspection by QCB and any other regulatory body and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence; - review the communication and enforcement of the Code of Conduct to Group personnel and monitoring compliance therewith; - ensure there is an effective framework in place across the Group for managing and monitoring financial crime compliance related risks, in line with regulatory requirements and international leading practices; - ensure there is an effective mechanism for control, monitoring and reporting on the anti-money laundering and combating terrorism financing as well as international sanctions programmes and related issues; - ensure that Group Compliance has oversight on the assessment of the appropriateness and effectiveness of the 'Internal Controls over Financial Reporting' (ICOFR) implemented in the Bank; - review the Group policies and framework pertaining to data protection and make sure a proper oversight is in place to protect QNB data from leakage or inappropriate or unauthorised use; - review the effectiveness of the Whistle-blowing Policy and recommend related actions/amendments to the BOD; - review the Group level of compliance to comply with tax compliance risks related to automatic exchange of information; - review and approve the annual corporate governance report, prepared by Group Compliance in accordance with regulatory requirements; and - on a regular basis, review the results of the compliance reviews and meet separately with the Group Chief Compliance Officer to discuss any matters that the Committee or Group Compliance believes they should be discussed privately and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence.

The QNB Group sustainability programme, which consists of the Group wide sustainability strategy and roadmap, is approved by the Board. The QNB Group Strategy Committee (GSC) is the owner of this policy and is responsible for managing all matters relating to the Group's sustainability programme, i.e., reviewing the strategic framework and agenda, deciding on priority initiatives for implementation with accountable working groups, monitoring performance, and assessing ESG-related risks and opportunities, including climate-related issues. The GSC reports key risks and opportunities to the Board of Directors via the Group Board Nomination, Remuneration, Governance and Policies Committee (GBNRGPC). As a minimum, the Board of Directors receives an annual update on the overall execution of the Group's sustainability strategy as well as achievements of our sustainability efforts. A designated Group Sustainability team within Group Strategy acts as an advisory body to the GSC and senior management on all sustainability-related matters. The Group Sustainability team engages with external stakeholders and drives all ESG-related reporting, disclosures, and interactions with the relevant bodies, institutions, investors, and partners. The team is at the core of QNB Group's various ESG initiatives, acting as a central focus point for ESG-related projects in collaboration with concerned departments. Group Sustainability team is also responsible for setting up ESG-related goals and targets (KPIs) for relevant divisions across QNB Qatar, as well as monitoring their progress on implementation. [...] The Group Board governs climate risk strategy and climate risk management. Group Board Risk Committee is appointed to oversee climate-related activities, initiatives, performance and achievements of the management. Group Strategic Risk Management is primarily responsible for assessing the materiality of commercial climate risks, quantifying risk impacts, conducting scenario analyses and stress tests, and quantifying financed scope 3 emissions. Group Sustainability team's key climate-related responsibilities are proposing QNB's climate risk targets as informed by output/ insight from Group Strategic Risk Management portfolio analysis and Group Risk Appetite, collating data from respective divisions to calculate scope 1 (direct), 2 (indirect/ purchased) and operational 3 (e.g., waste and business travel) GHG emissions, identifying climate risks and opportunities that can impact the reputation of the Bank, promoting the climate-related agenda within the Bank, and developing climate risk disclosures. Respective responsible QNB divisions are accountable for delivering specific initiatives to reduce Group's direct environmental impact and carbon footprint.

The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) maintains and manages the relationship with the external auditor, oversees the Group's annual financial statement audit and internal controls over financial reporting, and oversees the bank's risk management and compliance programmes; [...] The Group Board Nomination, Remuneration, Governance and Policies Committee (GBNRGPC) plays a leadership role in shaping the corporate governance practices of the Group, strives to build an engaged and diverse Board whose composition is appropriate in light of the Bank's needs and strategy, and actively conducts succession planning for the Board; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee is composed of three Board members, the majority are independent members. The Chairman of the Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee must be a financial expert and the other Board members must have a financial reporting background and knowledge. Members of the GBACC cannot be a member of any other Board committee, and the Chairman of the GBACC cannot be a member of any other Board committee. [...] The Committee has following responsibilities pertaining to compliance: - appoint/remove the Group Chief Compliance Officer; - review and approve the charter, plans, activities, staffing and organisational structure of Group Compliance Division; - ensure the efficiency of the compliance function in detecting the deviations and breaches within the Group, and ensure the non-existence of any factors that would impact its independence and objectivity as well as proper reporting of the compliance function with appropriate consideration to Basel Committee requirements and FATF (Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering) recommendations; - review the effectiveness of the system for monitoring compliance with laws and regulations and the results of investigation and follow-up (including disciplinary action) of any instances of non-compliance within the Group; - review the findings of any inspection by QCB and any other regulatory body and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence; - review the communication and enforcement of the Code of Conduct to Group personnel and monitoring compliance therewith; - ensure there is an effective framework in place across the Group for managing and monitoring financial crime compliance related risks, in line with regulatory requirements and international leading practices; - ensure there is an effective mechanism for control, monitoring and reporting on the anti-money laundering and combating terrorism financing as well as international sanctions programmes and related issues; - ensure oversight on appropriateness and effectiveness of the 'Internal Controls over Financial Reporting' (ICOFR) framework implemented in the Bank, in pursuit of its objectives; - review the Group policies and framework pertaining to data protection and make sure a proper oversight is in place to protect QNB data from leakage or inappropriate or unauthorised use; - review the effectiveness of the Whistleblowing Policy and recommend related actions/amendments to the BOD; - review and approve the annual corporate governance report, prepared by Group Compliance in accordance with regulatory requirements; and - on a regular basis, review the results of the compliance reviews and meet separately with the Group Chief Compliance Officer to discuss any matters that the Committee or Group Compliance believes they should be discussed privately and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence.

The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) maintains and manages the relationship with the external auditor, oversees the Group's annual financial statement audit and internal controls over financial reporting, and oversees the bank's risk management and compliance programmes. [...] The Group Board Nomination, Remuneration, Governance and Policies Committee (GBNRGPC) plays a leadership role in shaping the corporate governance practices of the Group, strives to build an engaged and diverse Board whose composition is appropriate in light of the Bank's needs and strategy, and actively conducts succession planning for the Board; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) approve the annual corporate governance report, prepared by Group Compliance in accordance with regulatory requirements; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) ensures there is an effective framework in place across the Group for managing and monitoring financial crime compliance related risks, in line with regulatory requirements and international leading practices; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) ensures there is an effective mechanism for control, monitoring and reporting on the anti-money laundering and combating terrorism financing as well as international sanctions programmes and related issues; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews the Group policies and framework pertaining to data protection and make sure a proper oversight is in place to protect QNB data from leakage or inappropriate or unauthorised use; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews the effectiveness of the Whistleblowing Policy and recommend related actions/amendments to the BOD; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews and approves the charter, plans, activities, staffing and organisational structure of Group Compliance Division; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) ensures the efficiency of the compliance function in detecting the deviations and breaches within The Group, and ensure the non-existence of any factors that would impact its independence and objectivity as well as proper reporting of the compliance function with appropriate consideration to Basel Committee requirements and FATF (Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering) recommendations; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews the effectiveness of the system for monitoring compliance with laws and regulations and the results of investigation and follow-up (including disciplinary action) of any instances of non-compliance within the Group; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews the findings of any inspection by QCB and any other regulatory body and follow-up on the corrective action to any identified issues and ensure proper implementation of measures to prevent recurrence; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews the communication and enforcement of the Code of Conduct to Group personnel and monitoring compliance therewith; [...] The Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee (GBACC) reviews and approves the annual compliance plans, which are executed in accordance with the Group Compliance Charter and its policies and procedures. Group Compliance submits periodic reports to the Group Board Audit and Compliance Committee and the GCEO concerning compliance issues, irregularities, and the corrective actions hence implemented.

Describe the process(es) your organization has in place to ensure that your engagement activities are consistent with your overall climate change strategy[…]QNB Group's sustainability strategy (including climate) is developed in consultation with key stakeholder groups - our customers, investors, employees, regulators and government, society and suppliers - taking into account their needs and expectations. Through regular and targeted engagement with stakeholders, we deepen our understanding of their priorities, and where appropriate, align our initiatives with their interests and needs.

Our stakeholder selection process is guided by a benchmarking exercise against peer banks in the region and beyond. In addition, our primary stakeholders are groups that are directly affected by our business and operations (customers, employees, suppliers), invest in our business (investors), have oversight and influence on our activities (regulators and government), as well as those who are indirectly impacted in the communities we serve (society). The relevance of these stakeholder groups is reviewed on an annual basis, including alignment with our overall sustainability/ climate change strategy.

Describe the process(es) your organization has in place to ensure that your external engagement activities are consistent with your climate commitments and/or climate transition plan?[…]QNB is requested to participate in events with various Ministries and Qatar Central Bank, and to provide input and participate in various activities. These include, for example, being part of a working group, responding to a consultation, and sharing our knowledge, which may act as input to the process of developing, reviewing or amending a policy or regulation. Participation is through our Sustainability Team and designated point of contact (e.g. Head of Sustainability), who have intimate knowledge of QNB's ESG approach, priorities, position, and market expectations. Any participation is pre-aligned and approved by senior management, with our approach and response consistent with our climate and sustainability approach and commitments.